Thanks to the use of the natural features of the Earth, the geothermal heat pump can heat or cool the house. The first use of geothermal energy in the form of geothermal pumps was started in 1940. Geothermal heat pump uses the concept of geothermal energy. To use geothermal energy as a heating system, the heat pump is located somewhere 3.05 m from the surface of the Earth, where the temperature remains stabilized (about 10 ° – 16 ° C) all year round. This means that the system will heat the house or building during the winter and cool it during the summer, acting as a heat sink.
To build a geothermal heat pump, underground is placed a system of copper or polyethylene pipelines filled with a refrigerant. Since the pump moves the liquid through the pipeline, it cools or heats up in the ground, supplying heat or cold to the surface, and giving it to the environment. This concept is known as a direct exchange.
Companies that build geothermal thermal pumps make this in one of two ways: water-air or water-water. Water-to-air pumps resemble standard air conditioners, they use the heat pump source for cooling and heating, adjusting the air temperature through ventilation. The water-water system is more similar to the system of a traditional boiler, and uses heating through the water supply throughout the building.
One of the advantages of geothermal thermal pumps is that they are considered one of the modern “green” heating systems available to consumers. Since the systems do not use any fuel or chemicals for heating or cooling, environmental impacts are mainly insignificant.